Improvement in planispheres



'P. KIIH N L.

PLAN'ISPHERES.

Patented March 7', 1876.

No.174fi24.

Jig: 5.

. N. PETERS. PHOTWLITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON, n C.

on the globe.

PAUL KUHNEL, or new YORK, is. Y.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 4.424, dated March 7, 1876; application-filed January 31, 1876.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, PAUL KUHNEL, of the city, county, and'State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Planisphere, of which the following is a specification:

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 represents a top view of my improved planisphere; Fig. 2, a side elevation of the same, and Fig. 3 a top view of the latitude-indicating scale. l

Similar letters of reference sponding parts.

The object of my invention is to provide for purposes of instruction, as well as for an eleindicate corregant parlororlibrary ornament, an improved planisphere, bywhich a full and connected View of both the terrestrial and celestial hemispheres is obtained, the course of the sun on the ecliptic, and thereby the increase and decrease of the days and nights during the year .illustrated and also the distance and latitudes of different places on the'earth, as well as the steamship connections of the different partsof the globe indicated. 3

, The invention consists of two centrally-v pivoted and jointly-revolvingdisks, provided with polar projectionsof the two halves of the earth on one side, and polar projections of the heavens on the other side. V i

The ecliptic is indicated by are shaped grooves on both sides or the disks,along which, in connection withaslotted supportlug-arm, a movable carriage, representing the sun, is traversing. j A graduated scale, seated between the center 'pi'votsof the disks, indicates the latitude and-distance of anypoint In] the drawing, A,A represent two disks l of metal or other material, which are mounted by center pivots won asuitable ornamental supporting frametor stand, B; The disks A are provided atone side with a polar projection of the two hemispheres of the, globe, and

at the otherside with'polar projections of the northern and southern hemispheres of the heavens, so that by detaching the'disks from V the pivots and turning the same to either side,

. a full and connected view-of the entire globe or of the heavens is obtained. The disks A are of equal size and touch at any point of their circumference, as their'center pivots are placed at a distance from each other equal to the diameter of the disks, as shown in Fig. 1.

The circumference of the disks is either provided with intermeshing gearing or frictionbands, or connected by any other equivalent means, so that by turning. one of the disks on its center pivot the other is jointly rotated therewith around its center pivot. This admits of the connection of any desired point on the equator to show clearly the connection of the land, sea, commercial lines, &c., and allow a correct measuring of the distances thereon.

The main advantage of the planisphere is that it exposes both hemispheres to view at one and the same time, which is not possible in thecommon globes in use, as only one-half of the earth can be seen thereon at the same time; steamship, telegraph, and other connections can be shown, and be vividly impressed on the. mind of the scholar, will be readily perceived.

The center pivotsa are connected by a slotted connecting-bar, O, placed detachably thereon "by sockets b fitting the pivots a.

A movable carriage, D, represents the sun,

"and traverses the slotted bar by means of a spur, d, that engages -arc-shaped grooves e at both sides of each disk, which represents the the ecliptic. The disks are so joined that the grooves of the ecliptic run together at their ends and admit the tra ersing of the sun-carriage D from one disk to the other.

The position of the carriage on the grooved ecliptic circle illustrates the increase and decrease of thedays and-nights over the two hemispheres during the year, showing by the movement of the disks the position of the sun in every month of the year.

Thegraduated scale E fits by its recessed ends to the center pivots a, and is thereby held stationary while the disks revolve, indicating thus the latitude of any. place and the distances of difl'erent places.

The whole device forms an apparatus of great utility and perspicacy for illustrating the geography of the earth and of the heavens, and explaining the course of the sun through the ecliptic.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent-- The convenience by which transatlantic 1. Apianisphere, made of tivofcentrallypivoted and jointly-revolving disks of equal size, for exhibiting a full and connected map of the terrestial and celestial hemisphere, substantially .in the manner and for the purpose set forth. a

2. The centrally-pivoted and jointly-revolving disks, provided with arc-shaped grooves representing the ecliptic circle, in combination with the travcrsing-zarriage, having spur running in he grooves, substantially for the pur. pose set forth.

3, The combination of the center pivots oi the disks, with the slotted. connecting-bar, having a traversing-carriage placed thereon for guiding the same from one disk to the other, substantially as set forth.

' PAUL KUHNEL.

' Witnessesi PAUL GoEPEL, T. B. MOSHER. 

